Completing+the+steps

**Completing the steps**
__Learning about the Particle Detector__ I went through the know your particle detector and learned about the different charges in the particles when they go through the detector. The different parts of CMS help us understand what particle it is and where the particle stops. The first layer is the tracker, which can only sense the charged particles because these particles curve unlike the neutral particles. We cant track the neutral particles in the first layer ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍because they dont curve ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍. The particles we can't see are the neutral hadron and the photon. The second layer in the detector is the e-cal, which collects the electron and the photon. This layer is called the electromagnetic layer. ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍The more curved the electron is, the more momentum this particle has ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍. Next is the H-Cal, where the hadrons stop. The neutral and charged hadrons both stop in this layer. After this layer there is the outer layers which contain iron. The muons go all the way through the entire detector. Questions: Why is it that the muon goes all the way through the detector compared to a photon or electron? ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍Is it because it is a lighter particle? ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍ and why does the muon curve both ways through the detector? Does it have to do with the magnetic force in the outer layer of the detector?

__Learning about the Particles and What they are Made of__ I looked through the what is the world made up of section for the checkpoints, and I found many interesting things that I have not learned about before. I am just starting to learn physics, and so I didnt know what quarks and leptons were until reading this checkpoint. I learned that the up quark, the down quark, and the electron make up everything that we see today. Also, protons are made by two up quarks and a down quark. This is very useful to understanding how things work and what happens in the particle accelerator. I have also learned about the four fundamental forces in nature. These forces are the strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational. The strong force works with holding the protons and neutrons together with quarks. The weak force is what helps the particles decay into other forms. Electromagnetic forces help make particles by holding the electrons together to the neutrons and protons. The last force is the most common force that we see in our daily lives with massive objects. The standard model shows us everything we need to see in the quarks, leptons, and forces all in one simple chart. I think that we can still indirectly track parts of particles that we aren't looking for because of what we know from where the hadrons and electrons end up and how they curve. If we know what the particle is and what we are looking for, we can then go forward and know how all of these small particles were one particle at one point before it was split up into these smaller parts.

__3-D Models__ The last couple of weeks I have been working on looking at the 3-D models and trying to understand what the particles and the beams are. Last wednesday I went to the lab and worked and had questions answered, and I was able to understand what each of the particles looked like and what I was supposed to look for. I learned that when a particle going through has a neutral charge, when the particle splits up it needs two particles going in different directions. This shows that the charge is neutral because the particles cancel each other out (positive and a negative). This last week I have gone through and have tried many out on my own to see how it works. I understand what the different particles are now and what to look for when doing the 3-D diagrams. I have had a few diagrams though where I don't understand what something is and I want to copy the picture or the link of a picture over to my log in order for me to explain. I was able to safe the file of the picture, but I can't get it into the log because I cannot find it on the computer and I can't copy and paste the link because it is too long to fit in the log. I was wondering if ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍maybe the next time I could have help so that I can ask my questions easier with the help of a picture to go along with ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍. One thing that I saw that I wasn't sure about was that there was a yellow cone shape where a bunch of particles (I believe electrons) had stopped.