Equipment

Throughout my research, I have focused on two types of microscopes: Scanning Tunneling (STM), and Atomic Force (AFM). At first, I used the STM, but I have gradually moved to the AFM, with virtually all of my research taking place on the AFM. I primarily use a portable AFM by NanoSurf and a portable STM made by the same company. I have also spent a little time on a non-portable STM in the lab and an AFM in the basement of the Radiation Lab. Using two types of scopes has added depth to my research. The microscopes scan in two different ways: The STM is used for smaller areas (~20 nanometers), and is generally more detailed. It scans by moving a tip very close to the surface and bouncing electrons back and forth. The AFM, conversely, is better for larger areas, (~5-10 micrometers). It scans by bouncing or dragging a tip along the surface, with a laser measuring the difference in the angle of the tip, which is translated to height. I almost always scan Au(III), with occasional graphite samples as well. Au(III) is used because it is an especially flat cut of gold. This enables better scans, as the surface has less "large" hills or canyons.